related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent

This number is significantly higher than the number of dead mosquitoes found in the control group, which was 10. 2012;111:175769. In the study, the essential oil was applied to the skin of test subjects, and the number of mosquito bites received was significantly reduced compared to a control group. lemongrass oil, it should be mixed with alcohol to ensure the safety of the product when The reason for this is because lemon grass does not contain a high enough concentration of active ingredients needed to ward off insects. Rajkumar S, Jebanesan A. Repellent activity of selected plant essential oils against the malarial fever mosquito Anopheles stephensi. J Vector Ecol. Lemon Grass has a pleasant scent that can repel insects, but does it work? The repellency effect of citronella was investigated in several studies. How long does the effectivity of the lemongrass oil last? J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. stephensi for 6.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. What is the level of effectiveness of lemon grass extract as mosquito repellant in terms of: a. Lemongrass Effectiveness in Repelling Mosquitoes [According to Research] In one of the many research studies titled - Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from Lemongrass oil and published in a Phytomedicine . 3 affordable? Asian Pac J Trop Dis. Springer Nature. Lemongrass As Insect Repellent - Pest Phobia Karunamoorthi K, Girmay A, Hayleeyesus SF. very high boiling points which separates organic compounds from plant parts. Vector Control: Insecticide: "An insecticide is a substance used to kill insects" (IUPAC, 2006). 2008;7:152. Bahuguna V. Silviculture and management practices for cultivation of Azadirachta indica (Neem). stephensi for 3.5h. Phasomkusolsil et al. 2016;23:2322838. repel 24 attempted ant bites. The This number is also significantly higher than those killed by other types of insect repellents. to the skin. 2000;73:20711. Given to the sources of heterogeneity in the current systematic review, future research assessing the repellent impacts should provide clear definitions of repellents, characteristics of volunteers in field trials, mosquito species, and outcome measures. Distillation Process is technique used for separating substances which are GROUP-7.docx - ACADEMIC YEAR 2019 - 2020 THE EFFECTIVENESS Parasitol Res. One study from 2011 using multiple species of mosquito found that up to 95% of mosquitos from one species were repelled due to the oil's strong odor over a 2.5 hour period (2). [54], no remarkable repellency effect against An. 1 0 obj All titles and abstracts were screened by two independent investigators for eligibility. The Table 4 showed the results of the experiment in terms of the products The primary eligibility process yielded 59 documents and crosscheck of the references of reviews and other databases search provided 3 further articles [8,9,10]. over 50 years as an insect repellent. The repellency of lemongrass oil against stable flies, tested using Govindarajan M. Ovicidal and repellent properties of Coccinia indica Wight and Arn (Family: Cucurbitaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Herbal insecticides, repellents and biomedicines: effectiveness and commercialization. Govindarajan M. Larvicidal and repellent properties of some essential oils against Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Anopheles subpictus Grassi (Diptera: Culicidae). statement and SAFE FOR CHILDREN: No-Bite-Me is a completely safe, natural bug repellent. lemon.docx - THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS (cymbopogon Essential oils and extracts of plants are emerging as potential agents for Anopheles spp. Amer et al. 2003;89:1859. Plant-based repellents have been used for generations in traditional practice as a personal protection measure against host-seeking mosquitoes. Lemongrass and Cinnamon Bark: Plant Essential Oil Blend as a - PubMed Tagetes minuta L., a useful underutilized plant of family Asteraceae: a review. Amerasan D, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM, Panneerselvam C, Subramaniam J, et al. Recently, commercial repellent products containing plant-based ingredients have gained increasing . Phytother Res. Enviro Sci Pollut Res. For other plants, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. 2012;38:1416. No problem: its an anti-itch cream too. bites has not yet been completely clarified. Moore S, Lenglet A, Hill N. Plant-based insect repellents. borne diseases. If a consensus was not reached, another reviewer was consulted to resolve any feasible discrepancies. While We strive hard to keep the information on this website correct and up-to-date, some details featured here might differ from what obtains in the market. The repellency effect of clove against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 6 studies. The center of the strainer must have a clear space to set the receiving vessel. 2013;97:2631. This study will be conducted for the benefit of the following: For the Future Researchers that this could serve as a guide for them in case they would Rosemary isan evergreen aromatic shrub with a Mediterranean origin, which belongs to Lamiaceae (Labiatae) family [77]. 2008;103:52934. 2008;15:1012. The study has found out that lemon grass is an effective and alternative natural insect repellent. The results showed that the average number of dead insects in lemongrass extract was 14. applied to skin. Steam Distillation Process with the exact apparatus to improve this study by adding Am J Biomed Life Sci. Parasitol Res. effectiveness of Lemongrass as a Natural Insect Repellent. From the Weed Society of Pakistan (2019), it is stated that the 2012;4:257. The 20% Neem oil in a field trial conducted by Amer et al. Aegis Pest Service states that, Unlike the DEET insect repellent spray; NO NASTY INGREDIENTS. Moreover, this chapter includes the Research Design, Research This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of plant-based repellents against Anopheles mosquitoes. Lemongrass attracts a wide variety of beneficial insects that help keep your garden healthy and reduce the need for pesticides. Insect repellents are typically made of synthetic chemicals that have been proven to be effective. Kamaraj C, Rahuman AA, Bagavan A, Elango G, Zahir AA, Santhoshkumar T. Larvicidal and repellent activity of medicinal plant extracts from Eastern Ghats of South India against malaria and filariasis vectors. 25 mosquito landing attempts. POWERED BY NATURE, AS POWERFUL AS DEET. culicifacies and Anopheles subpictus for 11, 9.6 and 7.3h, respectively and the corresponding percentage repellency were 100%, 92.3% and 83.1%. Benefits of Lemongrass Oil as Natural Alternative Insect Repellent is any chemical or natural product that causes insects or other arthropods to avoid or Aim: This qualitative study was aimed at testing the repellent efficacy; and suitability of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemongrass) for the development of natural product-based mosquito repellent. By using this website, you agree to our outbursts of insect borne diseases, dengue fever, stings and bites. 2010 , Dickens and Bohbot 2013 , Xu et al. A total of 62 trials met the inclusion criteria. 10ml of lemongrass essential oil If a consensus was reached, a study was excluded or selected to full-text screening. The oil of Citronella has been used for Moreover, when it comes to ants, the product can 100% In 3 studies, repellency effectiveness of turmeric was examined. dirus for 4.5h [46]. PubMed Lara M, Gutierrez J, Timon M, Andrs A. J Essent Oil Bearing Plants. Environment, Research Respondents, and Research Procedure. repellency. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. Extraction Process The following factors are discussed further with its relation to the Chapter-1 Efficacy of Lemongrass Extract as Insect Repellent - Concentration of Lemongrass Extract - Studocu It may help your knowledge to grow through this information. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEMON GRASS ( Cymbopogon Citratus) AS NATURAL ANT REPELLENT Presented by: ANDREI E. ELUMBA JOHNREI J. LIM Durrani F, Ismail M, Sultan A, Suhail S, Chand N, Durrani Z. J Commun Dis. Lemongrass does not have stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. any chemical substance that may irritate sensitive skin immediately. Commentdocument.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a01114897df77067d388156bfc0abdd2" );document.getElementById("b721d86728").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. 2011;88:4818. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. To overcome this problem, it is essential to research for alternative approaches to vector control. gambiae [54]. REPELS & PROTECTS. 2014;63:3418. Ansari M, Mittal P, Razdan R, Sreehari U. Larvicidal and mosquito repellent activities of pine (Pinus longifolia, Family: Pinaceae) oil. the laboratory, theres still an alternative method in doing the steam distillation process. Lemon grass is, also called fever grass, a perennial plant with thin, long leaves that is indigenous to many Asian countries. Lemongrass can be used as a pest control method for your garden or backyard. (Gerard J. Tortora), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Auditing and Assurance Services: an Applied Approach (Iris Stuart), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Principles of Managerial Finance (Lawrence J. Gitman; Chad J. Zutter), Rubin's Pathology (Raphael Rubin; David S. Strayer; Emanuel Rubin; Jay M. McDonald (M.D. 2019 Sep 3;56(5):1346-1352. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjz078. Google Scholar. Malar J. [6, 52, 59], depending on the concentration of extracts and Anopheles species, was reported to be 52 to 85%. Malaria Journal be brought in the market (Fernandez, 2013). Safe for use on adults, children, and pets when used as directed. Position the pot cover inside out of the strainer and make sure that the tip is DEET-FREE & VERSATILE. In making the lemongrass insect repellent mixture, the following are the In the laboratory trial by Amer et al. dirus. Trace element contents and essential oil yields from wild thyme plant (Thymus serpyllum L.) grown at different natural variable environments, Jordan. Related Foreign Studies Lemongrass oil (Cymbopogon citratus) is an effective repellent against mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) and house flies (Diptera: Muscidae Method: Cymbopogon oil (75ml) was extracted from 200g of fresh Lemongrass leaves using Soxhlet method with n-Hexane as solvent. control, with easy-to-administer, low-cost, and risk-free properties. Below is a list of lemongrass as insect repellent: Lemongrass is a good insect repellent. Malar J. For centuries lemon grass has been used by some cultures as a bug repellent. Malar J. [47] showed that orange repels An. Liloan, Cebu 6002 Philippines. Auysawasdi N, Chuntranuluck S, Phasomkusolsil S, Keeratinijakal V. Improving the effectiveness of three essential oils against Aedes aegypti (Linn.) 2011;4:698705. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. found that tagetes extract is not affective against An. Article insect repellent costs Php 40 while in doing our experiment, it didnt cost us anything Article In: Debboun M, Frances SP, Strickman D, editors. Lemon grass may help repel dengue mosquitoes. INNOVATIVE BOTANICAL FORMULA Our spray consists of essential oils carried in purified water and plant-based preservatives. insect repellent spray which can be poisonous, lemongrass is organic and safe as it was Table 4. dirus for 6h. In contrast, in the study by Seyoum et al. receiving vessel. The lemongrass is known for its effectiveness in repelling insects. 2011;4:10611. Lemongrass contains high amounts of citral which prevents growth of harmful bacteria by inhibiting its metabolism process at different stages in its life cycle. This research aims to create a Natural Alternative Insect Repellent with the use The medicinal plant turmeric, which isa perennial herb, and a member of Zingiberacae family, is commonly used as a spice in human food [80]. Plant oils may serve as suitable alternatives to synthetic repellents in the future as they are relatively safe, inexpensive, and are readily available in many parts of the world. PubMed generally safe. Barnard DR. Repellency of essential oils to mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Trongtokit Y, Rongsriyam Y, Komalamisra N, Apiwathnasorn C. Comparative repellency of 38 essential oils against mosquito bites. 2007;24:715. Maheswaran R, Ignacimuthu S. Bioefficacy of essential oil from Polygonum hydropiper L. against mosquitoes, Anopheles stephensi and Culex quinquefasciatus. used for the experiment were easily provided. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. 1997;123:37986. The effectiveness of lemon grass as natural insect repellent - SlideShare 2009;9:26458. stephensi for 8h, had a good effectiveness in preventing An. Ditzen M, Pellegrino M, Vosshall LB. Studies on Mosquito Repellent Activity of Cymbopogon Citratus (Lemon Olfaction in mosquito-host interactions. The results of this study showed that some plants essential oils and extracts have significant repellent activity against Anopheles spp. Lemongrass Research - Chapter I Introduction Background of The Study The included studies were published between 1999 and 2018. The heterogeneity in the results of the previous studies might be stem from differences in compound concentrations, application dosages, mosquito species, formulations and the assessment method of repellency, as in some trials the protection time until mosquitoes landed was recorded, whereas in the majority of studies the time until mosquitoes bite was considered. 2001;26:7682. Hence, major Govindarajan M, Kadaikunnan S, Alharbi NS, Benelli G. Acute toxicity and repellent activity of the Origanum scabrum Boiss & Heldr (Lamiaceae) essential oil against four mosquito vectors of public health importance and its biosafety on non-target aquatic organisms. The exact mechanism of action of these plants in preventing Anopheles spp. The study is to be conducted on the year 2019 at Buenavista Homes, Jugan, Consolacion, Cebu. albimanus and found that all concentrations of clove provided complete repellency ranging from 1.25 to 3.55h, depending on the concentration applied. learn what the lemon grass oil will do to the mosquitoes and ants if they get close. Indian J Pharmacol. Efficacy of organic insecticides and repellents against brown marmorated stink bug in vegetables. After washing off excess dirt and grime (or waiting until after planting time), place the lemongrass into its new home by digging holes with a shovel deep enough so that all roots are covered up completely inside their new container/garden space with soil covering them up completely this will help ensure strong growth for years to come. 3 0 obj Ansari M, Razdan R, Tandon M, Vasudevan P. Larvicidal and repellent actions of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb (F Leguminosae) oil against mosquitoes. Mosquito landing the related studies. Lemon grass J Herb Spice Med Plants. PubMed reduce mosquito landing around 40%. )), Theories of Personality (Gregory J. Feist), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (William Appleman Williams), 0620 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 2 Intermediate, 0619 Microsoft Word 2013 Part 1 Introduction, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, National Service Training Program 2 (NSTP2), Cost Accounting And Cost Management (CST ACT&MG), Bachelor of Arts in Filipinology (FILI 10231), Law on Obligations and Contracts (AC 1102), Accounting for Special Transactions (PROFE01), Law On Obligations And Contracts (BUSLAW1), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108). Insect repellents: principles, methods and uses. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative. Bioresource Technol. minimus [45] for 1h. A high level of insecticide resistance has made because of the chemical control of the pests and vectors. endobj 2014 ). VITJS4 crude extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). move away from the source of repellent and lemon grass can be used as a natural Lemongrass is a natural pesticide. [] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11 h.Amer et al. Among 500 species of Anopheles mosquitoes known globally, more than 50 species can transmit malaria from the bite of the infected female Anopheles spp. For the Students in Senior High School that lemongrass has insecticidal In contrast, Seyoum et al. The 20% oil solution of catnip in the study carried out by Amer et al. general) from landing or climbing on that surface. PubMed Google Scholar. They are bright green on top and pale yellow beneath, with veins running down each side of the leaf blade. Iranian J Arthropod Borne Dis. Sritabutra D, Soonwera M, Waltanachanobon S, Poungjai S. Evaluation of herbal essential oil as repellents against Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles dirus Peyton & Harrion. Bioresource Technol. Cloveisa naturally occurring spice which has been shown to possess anti-bacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-pyretic, anti-candidal, and aphrodisiac activities [78]. The extracted lemongrass substance will be stored in a repellent. anything upon making the repellent. Parasitol Res. local name is tanglad and usually used in cooking. [56] in Kenya reported that the percentage repellency of catnip is dose-dependent as 0.01mg, 0.1mg, and 1mg solutions of this herb had repellency percentage of 17%, 97%, and 100%, respectively, against Anopheles gambiae. AZR was a supervisor in this systematic review and collaborated in the preparation the manuscript. Tawatsin A, Wratten SD, Scott RR, Thavara U, Techadamrongsin Y. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. stephensi for 7.5h, had a good effectiveness in preventing Anopheles mosquitoes. GENTLE ON KIDS, EASY-TO-USE. 2012;49:86. In: 9th International symposium on supercritical fluids, Arcachon, France; 2009. Videos for related products. These insect repellents help prevent and control the 2010;13:8596. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent 2009;7:9204. and candles, and also in aromatherapy. dirus for 0.83h. Phasomkusolsi et al. CAS Process as most of the essential oils are extracted using the method. 2014;2:707. Trop Med Int Health. dirus. [42] used basil essential oil at 0.02, 0.10, and 0.21mg/cm2 concentrations against An. Malar J. Related studies about lemongrass as insect repellent. The It is a plant and has many uses. For the Parents/Guardians that this will serve as a guide for taking care of their children LEMONGRASS RESEARCH - CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Insect repellents (also - Studocu Research chapter introduction background of the study insect repellents (also commonly called are substances applied to the skin, clothing, or other surfaces Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew 2012;111:195364. The effect of peppermint on Anopheles was explored in 3 studies. 2001;49:51721. Mayeku W, Omollo N, Odalo O, Hassanali A. 2013;19:17989. extracting the lemongrass oil from the lemongrass stalks, Steam Distillation could also 2014;4:S54955. Ed.). Chichester: Wiley; 1996. p. 25466. The essential oil of lemongrass has been shown to be effective against mosquitoes, flies, moths and ants. limonene. 1990;31:455. As cost is a significant factor, examination of the use of local florae as repellents is highly suggested. MK collaborated in the study conception and the collection and translation of articles. The process of using lemongrass as a pesticide is fairly simple. SALLYE ANDER PROMISE: When you buy Sallye Ander products, you can rest assured knowing you are supporting a company committed to quality and the environment. insect repellent since it can be found in the backyard at home or just around the Mosquito-transmitted diseases remain a main source of illness and death [1]. Youll want to make sure that you wash away any dirt or debris that may be left on your plant before placing it into your garden bed or potting soil so theres no chance of spreading disease or pests throughout your garden space during planting time. Yeh R-Y, Shiu Y-L, Shei S-C, Cheng S-C, Huang S-Y, Lin J-C, et al. Article 2018;101:197201. However, for safe use, you must dilute lemongrass oil with water or even Google Scholar. Eucalyptus globulus at 0.1ml dose in a study [47] repelled An. based) repellents like lemon grass because it is very easy to make and use. Haldar KM, Ghosh P, Chandra G. Larvicidal, adulticidal, repellency and smoke toxic efficacy of Ficus krishnae against Anopheles stephensi Liston and Culex vishnui group mosquitoes. The flow diagram of the study selection process and excluded studies with specific reasons is reported in Fig. used for repelling insects. Formulated with no artificial colors, fragrances or harmful pesticides. lemongrass on mosquitoes and ants in an open area. The Lemon grass is an alternative way in which the researchers used it as repellent to the mosquitoes. Panneerselvam C, Murugan K, Kovendan K, Kumar PM. Govindarajan M, Rajeswary M, Sivakumar R. Repellent properties of Delonix elata (L) Gamble (Family: Fabaceae) against malaria vector Anopheles stephensi (Liston)(Diptera: Culicidae). One study published in the journal Parasitology Research found that lemongrass essential oil was effective at repelling mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. F. (Family: Malvaceae) against three important vector mosquitoes. Liloan is a municipality in the northern part of Cebu the product. Many people are naturally worried about the safety of their pets when using an insect repellents device. The researchers wanted to conduct a research about the Effective on black flies, mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks. While, in another study [45], it repelled An. 2008;319:183842. Insect repellents (also commonly called bug sprays) are substances applied to Baskar K, Sudha V, Nattudurai G, Ignacimuthu S, Duraipandiyan V, Jayakumar M, et al. This plants leaves are also known to contain citronellal, which acts as an insecticide against insects such as fleas and ticks. Our plant-based mosquito repellent spray is perfect to bring on your outdoor adventures like camping, hiking, walks, or other on-the-go activities. Prado JM, Leal PF, Meireles MAA, Eds. Individuals To treat and/or repel insects, you should use insect repellents and bug sprays that contain active ingredients specifically designed to repel and/or kill insects. In the study, the essential oil was applied to the skin of test subjects, and the number of mosquito bites received was significantly reduced compared to a control group. [12] in a field trial revealed that 1ml peppermint oil without dilution completely repels Anopheles annularis, An. Tag: lemongrass insect repellent review of related literature - WorldNgayon Chemical composition and mosquito repellency of essential oil of Conyza newii propagated in different geographical locations of Kenya. A total of 383 studies were found by the initial literature search of the databases. This paper . [65]. For this systematic review, all eligible studies on the repellency effects of plant-based repellants against Anopheles spp. [22] also supported that rosemary at 1, 2.5 and 5mg/cm2 concentrations completely repels An. 2015;8:2934. 2011;1:1249. conducting experiments on humans hand and insects, specifically, mosquitoes and For the Society that lemongrass is one of the best plants to use in making the Attempts Frequency Percent None of the studies reported the inclusion and exclusion criteria explicitly other than specifying a healthy volunteer. Parasitol Res. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 4 0 obj Google Scholar. Parasitol Res. thehealthvermont, natural insect repellents are safer than DEET components of a Trav Med Infect Dis. Alwala O, Wanzala W, Inyambukho R, Osundwa E, Ndiege I. [6], with mean percentage repellency of 42.8% and complete protection time against An. stephensi. This is another area for additional research. Constituents of essential oils from three plant species used in traditional medicine and insect control in Tanzania. minimus for 0.83h. Similarly, Sritabutra et al. . With that, the researchers gained Tuetun B, Choochote W, Kanjanapothi D, Rattanachanpichai E, Chaithong U, Chaiwong P, et al. For the Society that this could give them knowledge about the importance of is listed on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)s and Generally Recognized as This, DEET Sci. Lemongrass and Cinnamon Bark: Plant Essential Oil Blend as a Spatial Repellent for Mosquitoes in a Field Setting J Med Entomol. As said by Amer A, Mehlhorn H. Repellency effect of forty-one essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes. The first thing you need to do is cut off the bottom leaves of the plant, then dig up some roots from the ground where it was growing. The highest repellency effect was identified from Ligusticum sinense extract, followed by citronella, pine, Dalbergia sissoo, peppermint and Rhizophora mucronata oils with complete protection time ranging from 9.1 to 11.5h. Ethanolic 25% extract of L. sinense was able to completely repel Anopheles minimus for 11.5h. Furthermore, essential oils from plants such as lavender, camphor, catnip, geranium, jasmine, broad-leaved eucalyptus, lemongrass, lemon-scented eucalyptus, amyris, narrow-leaved eucalyptus, carotin, cedarwood, chamomile, cinnamon oil, juniper, cajeput, soya bean, rosemary, niaouli, olive, tagetes, violet, sandalwood, litsea, galbanum, and Curcuma longa also showed good repellency with 8h complete repellency against different species of Anopheles genus. Parasitol Res. Repellent compounds contained in this plant include alpha-pinene, citronellal, citronellol, and geraniol (Duke 2000). The repellency effect of orange against different species of Anopheles was investigated in 4 studies. In 2 studies, repellency effectiveness of tagetes was explored. Murugan K, Kumar PM, Kovendan K, Amerasan D, Subrmaniam J, Hwang J-S. Larvicidal, pupicidal, repellent and adulticidal activity of Citrus sinensis orange peel extract against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). Panneerselvam C, Murugan K. Adulticidal, repellent, and ovicidal properties of indigenous plant extracts against the malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi (Diptera: Culicidae). [11] found that citronella obtained from lemongrass has a 100% repellency effect against Anopheles culicifacies for 11h. Amer et al. gambiae is able to detect citronellal molecules by olfactory neurons in the antenna controlled by the TRPA1 gene, activated directly by the molecule with high potency [83, 84]. 2013;112:67992. 2012;44:7989. Google Scholar. While, in the study conducted by Govindarajan et al. Presently, there is no effective prophylactic anti-malarial vaccine and no suitable preventive measure other than vector control is available [5]. Evaluation of the effects of essential oil extracted from sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis) on growth rate of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) and possible disease resistance against Streptococcus iniae. The scent of the lemongrass herb is often described as having notes of citrus and lemon grass, making it appealing to both humans and insects alike.